国土安全部：白人至上主义是国内暴力犯罪的最大威胁

科学百姓雨台 scitizen-editor@outlook.com 2020.10.10

背景介绍

美国国土安全部2020年10月发布最新的《国土安全威胁评估报告》，从7个方面阐述美国面临的安全威胁：

网络空间威胁

外国影响活动

经济安全威胁

恐怖主义威胁

跨国犯罪组织威胁

非法移民

自然灾难

在恐怖主义威胁的评估中，国土安全部把白人至上主义暴力极端分子列为对美国国土安全最突出的暴力极端主义威胁。国土安全部部长在报告的前言说：

As Americans, we all have the right to believe whatever we want, but we don’t have a right to carry out acts of violence to further those beliefs. The Department works with other Government, non-Government, and private sector partners to prevent individuals from making this transition from protected speech to domestic terrorism reflected by violence. As Secretary, I am concerned about any form of violent extremism. . . . However, I am particularly concerned about white supremacist violent extremists who have been exceptionally lethal in their abhorrent, targeted attacks in recent years. . . . who seek to force ideological change in the United States through violence, death, and destruction.

作为美国人，我们都享有自己想要的任何信仰的权利，但我们没有权利采取暴力行动来实践这些信仰。国土安全部与其他政府、非政府和私营板块的伙伴合作，防止有人把各自的受到保护的言论演化为暴力形式的国内恐怖主义。作为国土安全部部长，我关注任何形式的暴力极端主义。。。然而，我特别关注的是白人至上主义的暴力极端分子，他们近年来在令人恐怖的、有针对性的系列袭击中展示了异乎寻常的致命伤害。。。他们试图在美国通过暴力、死亡和破坏来胁迫达成意识形态的改变。

以下是评估报告里关于国内恐怖主义威胁的陈述的节选。

暴力极端主义在美国

The primary terrorist threat inside the United States will stem from lone offenders and small cells of individuals, including Domestic Violent Extremists (DVEs) and foreign terrorist-inspired Homegrown Violent Extremists7 (HVEs). Some U.S.-based violent extremists have capitalized on increased social and political tensions in 2020, which will drive an elevated threat environment at least through early 2021. Violent extremists will continue to target individuals or institutions that represent symbols of their grievances, as well as grievances based on political affiliation or perceived policy positions.

美国国内的主要恐怖威胁将来自独行侠和小团组的行动，包括国内自生的暴力极端分子和外国恐怖分子煽动滋生的国内暴力极端分子。一些基于美国的暴力极端分子利用了2020年间日益紧张的社会和政治局势，使安全威胁的环境更剧烈，至少延续到2021年初。暴力极端分子将继续对准象征他们的不满情绪的个人和机构对象，以及这些对象的政治派别和政策主张。

Among domestic violent extremists (DVEs), racially and ethnically motivated violent extremists—specifically white supremacist extremists (WSEs)—will remain the most persistent and lethal threat in the Homeland.

在国内暴力极端分子中，基于种族和民族为驱动力的暴力极端分子，即白人至上主义极端分子，将仍然是美国国土上最持久和最致命的威胁。

White supremacist extremists (WSEs) have demonstrated longstanding intent to target racial and religious minorities, members of the LGBTQ+ community, politicians, and those they believe promote multi-culturalism and globalization at the expense of the WSE identity. Since 2018, they have conducted more lethal attacks in the United States than any other DVE movement.

{白人至上主义极端分子} 长期以来一直执意于瞄准种族和宗教少数派、LGBTQ+ 族群成员、政治家、以及他们认为以牺牲 {白人至上主义极端分子} 身份为代价促进多元文化和全球化的人。自2018年以来，他们在美国发动的致命攻击比任何其他国内暴力极端运动都要多。

Other racially or ethnically motivated violent extremists could seek to exploit concerns about social injustice issues to incite violence and exploit otherwise peaceful protests movements.

其他出于种族或族裔动机的暴力极端分子可能试图利用人们对社会不公正问题的关切，来煽动暴力和利用其它本来是和平的抗议运动。

希望阅读原始报告全文的读者请点击《国土安全威胁评估报告》的原始文献链接

Homeland Threat Assessment October 2020